The most important documents are the chronicles of Ashurbanipal (668-626 BC), the laws of the king of Babylon Hammurabi (1792-1750 BC) and the laws of Assyria in the second half of the 2nd millennium BC. A large number of Sumerian texts have survived to this day thanks to this ancient technology - scientists discover them during archaeological excavations.Ĭlay manuscripts from the library and archives of the ancient city of Nippur gained worldwide fame. Then the tiles were fired in special ovens, hardened and could be stored virtually forever. This is due to the fact that the Sumerian writings were applied to plates of raw soft clay with special wooden chisels. Literally edduba - the house of the tablets. That is why the Sumerian schools - eddubs became so popular in cities. Becoming a scribe meant success, a well-paid job and respect. Their significance, or, in modern terms, their social status was constantly rising. Scribes were needed both for making deals, and for public service, and in temples. The living conditions prevailing in the ancient cities, the developing economic relations demanded more and more literate people. In the cities of Mesopotamia, there was a practice of tree planting, canals were laid with bridges through them, palaces were built for the nobility. Astronomy, mathematics, agriculture were developed in them, original writing was created, and various arts arose. All of them had a fairly developed culture. in the interfluve of the Tigris and Euphrates, the city-states of Sumer and Akkad arose, which existed here almost until the beginning of our era, and other ancient states, such as Babylon and Assyria. School and education in Mesopotamia (Mesopotamia)Īpproximately in the IV millennium BC.
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